Classification and Applications of Graphene

      Graphene can be categorized by layer number into single-layer (1 layer), double-layer (2 layers), and few-layer (3–6 layers) graphene. By surface chemistry, it is divided into graphene oxide (GO) and its reduced form (rGO). According to dispersion medium, products are supplied in either aqueous or oil-based formulations. Commercial materials appear as black paste or powder dispersions with 76–83 % single-layer content, 99.9 % purity, flake diameters of 0.4–4.8 µm, concentrations of 5–10 mg mL⁻¹, and an elongation at break of 20 %. They exhibit ultrahigh mechanical strength (Young’s modulus ~1 TPa) and a thermal conductivity of 5300 W mK⁻¹.    2. Applications

Leveraging its exceptional electrical and thermal conductivity, antistatic properties, and barrier performance, graphene has been deployed in seven key areas: